Diabetic foot is one of the most serious complications of diabetes. Nerve damage reduces the feeling of wounds, while poor circulation delays healing. Early detection and restoring blood flow are the keys to saving the foot.
Symptoms
- A wound or ulcer that does not improve within one to two weeks
- Toes turning blue or black
- A cold foot with weak pulses
- Foot pain at rest, especially at night
- Redness, swelling or pus from a wound
Causes & risk factors
- Long-term poorly controlled blood sugar
- Smoking
- High blood pressure and cholesterol
- Peripheral nerve damage
Diagnosis
Assessment starts with checking pulses and the ankle-brachial index, then an arterial Doppler. A CT angiogram or diagnostic angiography may be needed to map blockages precisely.
Treatment options
Balloon angioplasty and stents
Opening blocked leg and foot arteries through a small puncture to restore blood flow to the wound.
Wound care
Cleaning, removing dead tissue and regular follow-up of healing.
Infection control
Appropriate antibiotics and drainage of any abscess when needed.
Bypass surgery
For selected cases not suitable for endovascular treatment.
After treatment
Recovery depends on severity. Restoring blood flow is what allows the wound to heal, with regular wound and blood-sugar follow-up.
Frequently asked questions
Does every diabetic wound need angioplasty?
No. It is used when poor circulation is delaying healing, which is decided by examination and Doppler.
Can amputation be avoided?
In many cases it can be avoided or limited when blood flow is restored early and infection is treated.
How do I protect my feet?
Check your feet daily, never walk barefoot, control your sugar, stop smoking, and see a doctor about any wound that will not heal.
Content on this website is for awareness only and does not replace a specialist medical examination.